mioty is a LPWAN protocol for the IoT, its remarkable characteristics make it the go-to protocol for high-capacity, high-density and mobility solutions.
The global IoT market continues to grow and it is estimated that in just three years, the total number of connected devices will be twice as high as today, reaching 30 million. As the density of deployed sensors and data traffic increases, the spectrum will be more crowded and congested, generating interference problems and potential data loss.
mioty® is a software-based low-power wide-area network (LPWAN) protocol designed, created and mantained by FRAUNHOFER IIS and the mioty alliance to address current and future wireless connectivity challenges. mioty is built for massive industrial and commercial IoT deployments, with best-in-class reliability and scalability.
The Telegram Splitting Multiple Access (TSMA) method is the heart of the mioty technology. Telegram Splitting, as defined by the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI TS 103 357), separates data packets in a data stream into small sub-packets (radio burst) at the sensor level (physical layer). The sub-packets are then sent out over different frequencies and time intervals determined by the TSMA pattern.
On-air-time is significantly decreased by reducing packet size. This, combined with pseudo-randomness and improved channel coding (TSMA patterns), enhances total system capacity while delivering unparalleled resilience against external interference and collisions.
The base station's algorithm is constantly scanning the spectrum for mioty sub-packets and reassembling them into a full message. The advanced Forward Error Correction (FEC) allows the receiver to completely reconstruct the information relying only on half of the radio bursts. This significantly decreases the impact of corrupted or lost bursts caused by collisions while also further increasing interference resistance.
mioty’s patented Telegram Splitting technology enables an extremely robust connectivity solution with interference mitigation and the lowest packet error rates, even in a crowded spectrum. The Forward Error Correction (FEC) algorithm makes it possible reconstructing the information starting from just 50% of the radio bursts.
Telegram Splitting enables optimal spectral efficiency, robustness to inference and allows mioty’s huge system capacity. High density networks, 1M+ devices and uplink capacity of 1.5 million messages per day using a single base station. Ideal for scaling an IoT solution while increasing the ROI in network infrastructure.
mioty transmission protocol combined with battery recovery periods enables the use of smaller batteries for a longer period of time.
Up to 200 byte per message and 20+ years operating time on a single AA battery with a power consumption as small as 17.8 μWh (end-point, 868 MHz) per message.
Telegram Splitting and Forward Error Control mitigate the effects of noise, interference, and fading making the protocol extremely accurate and reliable thus allowing end nodes and base stations to operate at speeds of up to 160 km/h at full performance. This opens the way to a new class of use cases.
Extensive coverage with ranges of up to 1.5 km in urban environments and of up to 20 km in rural areas. A few mioty base stations provide full coverage of large areas and guarantee deep indoor and underground penetration.
Perfect for industrial extraction sites and remote areas.
Because the technology is compatible with most existing hardware platforms, software-based mioty networks have a low entry barrier.
Each network, private or public, is hardware-agnostic and can be entirely customised. Plus there is no need for frequency licencing.
Long-power wide area network technologies are game-changer for successful IoT deployments. Their characteristics such as long-range and deep penetration, low power consumption and low set-up and operational costs made it possible to deploy IoT networks in places that were previously difficult to reach and enabled solutions in all sectors and lowered the level of knowledge required that often represented, along with high costs, a barrier to entry and an obstacle to the adoption of the Internet of Things. mioty is no exception, plus, its adavantages make it particularly suitable for specific sectors.
Industry 4.0
Industrial sites are frequently subject to great interference while requiring a large number of sensors to monitor numerous processes under often extreme conditions. Process Optimisation and Predictive Maintenance solutions particularly benefit from the high interference robustness and high capacity of mioty networks.
In other cases, remote sites such as mining platforms, quarries, construction sites need wide (and deep) coverage as well as easy deployment and maintenance in complex environments. Asset Tracking and Condition Monitoring are typical applications in these contexts.
Mobility
mioty provides extensive coverage and allows end nodes and base stations to operate while moving at up to 120 km/h without performance loss. Ideal features for mobility and logistics solutions. Asset Tracking, Fleet Management (both in urban and rural areas), Cold Chain Monitoring are typical application in this field.
Smart Cities & Utilities
Smart city solutions are becoming more and more common and, with increasing use cases such as smart parking, smart lighting, green area management, waste collection, environmental monitoring (air and noise pollution), asset tracking to name a few, it becomes necessary to employ energy efficient, interference and collision robust, scalable transmission technologies. mioty meets all these requirements.
As far as utilities and the smart metering sector are concerned, these solutions require high-density sensor infrastructures.
Smart Buildings
As for cities, buildings, and in particular critical infrastructures such as airports, museums or large constructions, benefit from a wide range of applications and use cases requiring a growing number of sensors in well-defined areas. The high density of end points is the basis for the recent definition of Massive IoT, which is what certain classes of buildings/infrastructures require.
The challenges are to increase environmental sustainability, reduce energy consumption and improve management processes and property maintenance. plus an increase in the quality of the services these facilities offer.
The mioty alliance is a growing community of people, businesses, and institutes that are behind mioty and share the mission to enable one of the most accessible, robust and efficient Massive IoT connectivity solutions on the market.
The mioty alliance offers an ideal platform for developers, hardware manufacturers, system integrators, service companies and end customers by providing an open, standardized and interoperable ecosystem across the entire IoT value chain.
As a full member of the mioty alliance, we are strongly committed to this promising technology and willing to contribute to the evolution and adoption of the protocol in the LPWAN industry.
mioty® protocol uses a star topology at the centre of which lies the mioty® service center. It works in unlicensed frequency bands (868 MHz band, license free in Europe, and 916MHz band in North America) and requires a bandwidth of 200 kHz for two channels. Network synchronization is not required, in fact, the end point begins communications whenever the data is available.
mioty is capable to handle up to 250 bytes for the downlink and 245 bytes for the uplink, however, it is optimised for 10 bytes of data.
The radio procol benfits from well defined Integrated Security Features. It employs AES128 encryption. For authentication and integrity verification, a 32-bit cipher-based message authentication code (CMAC) is added to the MAC protocol data unit. Replay protection is provided by a 24-bit packet counter. Finally, a variable MAC mode is an optional feature that can be used to implement user-specified MAC functions.
Even in a crowded spectrum, mioty and TSMA are built to reduce Packet Error Rate (PER) and maximize the throughput of short messages. It is intended especially for sensor devices that require narrow bandwidth for discontinuous / irregular communication. The protocol and battery recovery periods allow to use smaller batteries. Given mioty's power usage of 17.8 Wh (end-point, 868 MHz) per message, batteries can last for 20+ years.
The mioty® technology is built as a software solution to support many hardware platforms. Device protocol stack is running on low performance, low power microcontroller. Many commercial available Sub-GHz chipset supporting MSK modulation can be used. The mioty® base station SW-Stack is running on Intel based and ARM (RPI) IoT gateways in combination with software defined radio frontend.
Parameter |
Description |
| Frequency range | Worldwide license free ISM spectrum (863 – 928 MHz) |
| Channel bandwidth | 25 kHz / 100 kHz / 725 kHz; 2 channels can be combined |
| Modulation | (G)MSK |
| Modulation rates |
ULP-Mode: 2380,371 Sym/s (Ultra Low Power) ER-Mode: 396,729 Sym/s (Extended Reach) |
| PHY datarates | ULP-Mode: 512 bit/s ER-Mode: 85 bit/s |
| MCL (@PTX = 14 dBm) |
ULP Uplink: 153 dB ER Uplink: 161 dB Frame repetition gain: 2.5 dB |
| Message size (application data) |
Uplink: 10 – 245 Byte Downlink: ACK only or ACK + 2 – 250 Byte Data |
